johns



106. COMPOSlTlONS,

COATING R PLASTIC.

UNITED" STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY IV. JOHNS. OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

-NON-CONDUCT|NG COVERING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 441,165, dated November 25, 1890. I

Application filed January 23, 1890. Serial No. 337,883. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY W. JOHNS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Non- (Jonducting Coverings, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a new and useful [0 non-conducting covering for heated surfaces specially intended for pipes, boilers, &c.; and it consists in -making the covering of wood ulo mixed when in the pulp form or w 1en 1n fiflf-divided condition with ilaster-ofzoaris r 5 chalk. diatomac -or inf use ma ear nesia 1e various cars or liQ- crown or ies. mood pulp omd pulp and other materials, as above stated, are also mixed with sawdust comminuted or cho red straw hay, mm or with ha1r,asn:stns )er, r other fibrous or poromill reduce the weight and add to the strength, porosity, or the air-containing character of the product. The said foreign bodies ma be used aratelvin on'uction with thewpm cmr a eom- The Salt ma er1a 5 am lIlIXQC 1 o a mogeneous mass and pulped or rendered plastic by the addition of water or other suit- 0 able liquid, whereby it may be easily manipulated.

I apply the covering to the heated surfaces either in the form of a plastic or plaster-like mass by the use of the trowel or other suitable implement, or I form itinto sheets or plates of such thickness as may be required ordinarily from about one-quarter of an inch to an inch and a half, and during the forming operation I prefer to give it such config- 4o uration as will conform to the shape of the surface to be protected-that is to say, it may be made into tubes adapted'to fit-over the pipes being then split longitudinally, if desired, so as to be readily applied, or it may be left in tubular form to be slipped over the ends of the pipes, or it may be formed into curved or other shaped plates to conform to the surface to be protected.

I prefer to fireproof the combustible ingre- 5o dients before manufacturing the-forms, plates, or sheets by suitable treatment with a fireproofing compound or material. Wheneapplied in the plastic form, I prefer to first apply to the heated surface a layer or coating of fire-proof material, preferably asbestus, although equivalent material maybe used,and when my improved covering is made up into forms, plates, or sheets, as before stated, I prefer to line the side thereof which comes in contact with the heated surface with a fire proof coating or layer. The fire-proof lining should preferably be attached to the covering, so that it may be handled, transported, and used without separating from the covering.

M y covering is a totally difierent product from paper, straw-board, and the like products, which, I am aware, have heretofore been made from pulp mixed with earth or various clays as fillers. Such prior products would be entirely unsuited to the purposes of my invention. They are, as I believe, always compressed and ordinarily calendered during the process of manufacture, the express intent in their manufacture being to give them great density and to remove as far as possible all porosity or softness in their structure, whereas under my invention I desire to preserve as much as possible the cellular structure of the product. I therefore make a very soft, porous, and compressible product for the express purpose of retaining in its structure as many air-spaces as possible. My product would be absolutely useless for the purpose for which paper and straw-board filled with the earths, &c., are useful, and such hard dense non-porous products would be useless for my purpose. I am also aware that here tofore some of the foreign bodies which I refer to above have been made into covering for heated surfaces, there having been fibrous material used in the mass to bind it together. Such prior coverings are not such as I make under my present invention. In them the fibrous material is used in relatively small proportions for the purpose of binding the plaster-like mass, whichwas itself relied upon for non-conduction, whereas in my covering I rely for non-conduction mainly upon the light porous character of my fibrous product, due to its peculiar structure, as it contains innumerable small air-cells, and I use the Q clays, chalk, magnesia, and other bodies named in relatively small proportions as a g non-inflammable coating for the fibers which compose the major part of my covering, thus rendering the product additionally fire-proof and also as a cementing material.

I claim 1. A non-conducting compound composed, f essentially, of a major part of wood pulp mixed with infusorial earth, magnesia, or like material, substantially as set forth. I 2. Anon-conductingcoveringcomposed,essentially, of a major part of wood pulp mixed with infusorial earth, magnesia, or other like 3 material and with straw, sponge, or like porous or fibrous material, substantially as set forth. 3 3. Anon-conductingcoveringcomposed,essentially, of a major part of wood pulp mixed with infusorial earth, magnesia, or like inaterial and with straw, sponge, or like porous or fibrous material and with a layer of fireproofin g material between the covering and the sn 1'- face to be protected, substantially as set forth.

4. Anon-conductingcoveringcomposed, cs-

sentially, of a major part of wood pulp mixed with infusorial earth, magnesia, or like material made into forms or plates which conform substantially to the surface to be protected, substantially as set forth.

I 5. A non-conducting covering composed, essentially, of a majorpart of wood pulp mixed with infusorial earth, magnesia, or like material, the combustible ingredients being rendered incombustible, substantially as set forth.

6. A non-conducting covering composed of a major part of wood pulp mixed with infusorial earth, magnesia, or like material and with straw, sponge, or like porous or fibrous material, the combustible ingredients being rendered incoinbustible, substantially as set forth.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 20th day of January, A. D. 1890.

HENRY W. JOHNS.

Witnesses:

PHILLIPS ABBOTT, FREDERICK SMITH. 

